Car truck



- D. S. BARROWS j Oct. 27, 1931 CAR TRUCK Filed Sept.

14, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 awuentwa Oct, 27, 1931. p. s; BARQROWS1,829,578

CAR TRUCK Filed Spt. 14, 1926 4 Sheet's-Sheet 2 Oct. 27, 1931.

D. S. BARROWS CAR TRUCK Filed Sept. 14, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Oct. 27,1931.

D. S. BARROWS v CAR TRUCK Filed Sept. 14, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 awuzntozPatented Oct. 27, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE DONALD S. BARROWS, OFROCHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE SYMINGTON COM- PAN'Y, OF NEW YORK,N. Y., A CORPORATION OF MARYLAND CAR TRUCK Application filed September14, 1926. Serial No. 135,430.

This invention relates to railway car trucks and, more particularly, tocast frames therefor of unusually rigid construction and formed eitherwith associated journal boxes or adapted for being rigidly connectedthereto.

The principal object of my invention, generally considered, is theprovision of car trucks formed with side frames in which the bolsterguide columns, at the lower portions thereof, are rigidly connected byan integral bridge or girder extending longitudinally of the frame anddividing the spring plank seat portion into two parts, said girder, ifdesired, being formed with an aperture adapted to receive an extensionfrom an associated spring plank for the more rigid connection of saidspring plank to the frame, the bolster used with said truck beingnormally freely insertable between the bolster guide columns above thebridge and locked in place by means of bolster blocks inserted betweenthe sides of the bolster and the columns before the bolster springs areplaced in position.

An object of my invention is the provision of what may be designated asa girder type side frame, said side frame being formed with a windowopening partially closed by an upright longitudinal bridgewall or girderjoining the lower portions of the bolster guide columns and extendingfrom the spring plank seat portion of the tension member, an aperture insaid girder being alternatively provided for receiving an end of anassociated spring plank.

Another object of my invention is the provision of a side frame formedwith a bridge wall extending from the spring plank seat portion andbetween the struts or bolster guide columns, thereby restricting thebolster opening, and means for locking the bolster in place above saidbridge wall before the bolster' springs are inserted in place, saidmeans comprising blocks insertable between said bolster columns andbolster and provided with portions engaging in bolster slots and otherportions embracing the adjacent portions of the bolster guide columns,said blocks being retained in proper position by base portions extendinginwardly beneath the bolster and above the bolster supporting springs.

A further object of my invention is the provision of a cast side frameformed with a rigidifying hollow bridge wall joining the lower portionsof the bolster guide columns, which lower portions are flared to thediagonal portions of the tension member, the bolster springs beingpositioned on the intermediate portion of the tension member on bothsides of the hollow bridge wall and inserted in place after the bolsterhas been positioned between the bolster guide columns and locked inplace by removable blocks inserted to the side and below said bolsterand supported on a spring plate covering all of said springs and withits upper surface in one plane, such construction permitting theshimming of the springs to preserve the coupler height by a simple blockshim above the spring plate.

A still further object of my invention is the provision of an unusuallystrong side frame in which a relatively small bolster opening isprovided, thereby permitting a frame' of increased depth below thebolster opening, the bolster being held in place by readily removablelocking blocks thereby permitting easy removal of the parts.

An additional object of my invention is the provision of a east sideframe formed with rigid jaw shaped portions at the ends thereof adaptedto embrace or connect with associated journal boxes, said jaws beingdesigned with a cross section varying outwardly from box to H shape forefficient utilization of the metal forming said frame.

Other objects and advantages of the invention relating to the particulararrangement and combination of the various parts will become apparent asthe description proceeds.

Referring tothe drawings illustrating my invention, the scope whereof isdefined by the appended claims:

Figure 1 is a partial side elevation of a truck illustrating oneembodiment of my invention, a portion of a side frame thereof beingshownin central longitudinal section.

Figure 2 is a plan of one half of theside frame and a portion of theassociated bolster and connecting means therebetween illustrated inFigure 1.

Figure 3 is a transverse section on the line 33 of Figure 1 looking inthe direction of the arrows.

Figure 4 is a detailedsectional view on the line 4;-4 of Figure 1looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figures 5, 6 and 7 are partial sectional views on the correspondinglynumbered lines of Figure 1 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figures 8, 9 and 10 are detailed sections on the correspondinglynumbered lines of Figure 1.

Figure. 11 is a partial diagrammatic illustration of the side frameshown in Figure 1 in the vicinity of the bolster opening to illustratehow the bolster is locked in place by means of locking blocks embodyingmy invention.

i Figure 12 is a fragmentary sectional view on the line 5-5 of Figure 1but differing from Figure 5 in that it shows a portion of the bolsterand one associated locking block in position. c

Figure 13 is a fragmentary elevation corresponding to Figure 1 butshowing a modification.

Fixtures 14 and 15 are sectional views on the correspondingly numberedlines of Figure 13 looking in the direction of the arrows. Figure 16 isa partial diagrammatic view corresponding to Figure 13 to illustrate theapplication of the modified locking blocks between the bolster andbolster guide' columns.

Referring to the drawings in detail and first considering'the embodimentof my invention illustrated in Figures 1 to 12, inclusive, a truckside-frame 1 of the cast type is shown although it will be obvious thatcertain advan'ta es of my invention may be secured using rames of otherthan cast construction. Said frame 1 comprises a compression member 2, atension member 3, and bolster guide columns or strut portions 4:, spac-I ,by means of abridge wall or girder 7 said girder, in the presentembodiment, being formed with two vertical web portions 8 connected atthe top by a transverse web portion 9, said girder 7 extending from theupper web 10 of the intermediate or horizontal portion 11 of the tensionmember 3. The bolster guiding portions of the bolster guide columns 4,at opposite ends of the bridge wall 7, which columns are substantiallychannel shape in cross section, are preferably flared outwardly from thetop of the girder 7 to the tension member 3 Where they connect with saidtension member either substantially perpendicular therewith or the outeredges of the flanges of said section extend at substantially this anglewith respect thereto, as shown particularly in Figure 1. On account ofthis construction, the upper web 10 of the horizontal portion of thetension member is formed of ample length for supporting spring units 12positioned three in longitudinal alinement on each side of the bridge.wall 7. For the purpose of properly supporting an associated springplank 13 and six spring units 12, the web 10 of the tension member iswidened on opposite sides of the girder 7 and provided with spring andspring plank lugs or bosses 14.

Although an A. R; A. bolster might be adapted for use with a frame ofthe general chara'cter disclosed yet, on account of the double bridgewall or girder between the bolster guide columns" and the increasedspring capacity provided by six spring units, it is preferable to makethe bolster 15 somewhat longer than normal although it may be ofstandard width and provided with standard bolster guide notches 16. Thebolster guiding portions of the columns 4 are spaced wider than normalso that a bolster of standard width is insertable therebetween tween thebolster 15 and bolster guiding portions 17 and 18 of the bolster columnsthrough intermediate diagonal positions, indicated diagrammatically bydot and dash lines, before the bolster springs and spring plate areinserted in position and while the bolster is elevated to the upperportion of the bolster opening 5.

In the embodiment illustrated, my bolster locking blocks 19 are formedwith an inner sloping face 20 insertable in a correspond ingly not'chedportion of the bolster, said face terminating at its lower edge in abase flange 21 fitting in the correspondingly notched portiallytriangular apertures ma tion in the bolster. The outside portion of theblocks 19 are formed with transverse faces 22 adapted to engage thetransverse web portion 17 and diagonal faces 23 on opposite sidesthereof adapted to engage the diagonal web portions 18 of the bolsterguide columns. The angle or slope of the face 20 is such that the blocksmay be moved from horizontal position into place between the bolster andbolster guide columns where a relatively snug fit is provided thereforso that said bolster is retained or locked in proper assembled relationwith respect to the frame. The base flange 21, as will be apparent,serves to support its block in proper assembled relation by resting onthe spring plate or cap 24 between the same and the bolster.

For economy of material and for li htening the weight of the side frame,su stanbe provided in the webs 8 of the bridge wal or girder 7 and theupper web or wall of the tension member or spring plank seat portionthereof may be omitted between the webs 8, as most clearly shown inFigures 1 and 3. For the same reason, relativelylarge openings 26 may beprovided in the lower web 27 of the tension member 3, the side walls orinner and outer webs 28 and 29 being tied together by transverse webportions 30 and the edges of the lower web 27 are preferably rigidifiedby depending ribs or beading 31. Intermediate the transverse webportions 30 and preferably in line with spring plank and spring bosses14 are triangular shelf or web portions 32 between the webs 28 and 29 ofthe tension member and the portions of the upper web 10 or spring plankseat portion beyond said webs, thereby serving for adequately supportingthe same.

The girder or bridge wall 7 is preferably continued or extended beyondthe bolster guide columns 4 or flaring lower portions thereof, the webs8 of said-wall preferably being separated forming bifurcated endportions 33 which flare outwardly at the same time decreasing in depthuntil they merge with the upper web of the diagonal end portions of thetension member 3 in line with the side webs 28 and 29 thereof. The upperconnecting web 9 is omitted from substantially the beginning of theflared portions 33 although said flared portions are preferably in lieuthereof provided with inwardly extended beading 34 along the upper edgethereof. These extended web portions of the bridge wall 7 are preferablyprovided with a drainage opening 35 and a substantial aper ture .36 ispreferably provided in the upper web of the tension member-3 beneathsaid drainage opening and between the extended portions 33.

The compression member 2 is preferably inverted U shape in cross sectionand beyond the bolster guide columns 4 is flared slightly to increasethe same in depth to where it joins with the jaw shaped portions 6 overthe journal boxes and the tension member. At the same time, thecompression member 2 is preferably sloped downward and outward to meetthe tension member 3 which is sloped upward and outward, said tensionmember 3 being preferably substantially U shape in cross section sothat, upon meeting, they form a section substantially box shape in crosssection. Such a section, however, is not the most economical for theends of the jaw shaped portions 6 of the frame so the .side webs 37 and38 are preferably caused to converge inwardly, while the top and bottomwebs are only slightly tapered, and join a short distance beyond thecenter line of the jaw portion to form the single longitudinal web 39 ofthe outer jaw end, thereby causing the section of the jaws 6 to changefrom box to substantially H or I shape in cross section. The lower endof each jaw portion preferably tapers and the outer jaw section of eachjaw is preferably provided with a horizontal aperture 40 which may serveto receive locking means for holding an associated journal box inposition. The inner jaw portion 41, in the present embodiment, is shownsubstantially U shape in cross section rather than H or I shape in crosssec tion and is merely formed as a downward projection from the lowerweb of the corresponding diagonal end of the tension member. Althoughsaid lower web is preferably curved around the jaw over the associatedjournal box, provision may be made for a substantial bearing areabetween the aw and the flat top of the journal box by longitudinal andtransverse ribbing 42 extended from the lower web or flange of thesection and formed with the lower edges thereof substantially horizontalor lying in the same plane. The rounded jaw ends may be continued forstrengthening the jaw portions 6 by internal curved webs or beads 43serving to unite the inner jaw portion 41 with the corresponding outerjaw portion as Wlll be understood. If desired, transverse, preferablytriangular, bracing webs 44 may be formed between the lower web orflange 45 of the jaw and the main upright web 39 thereof.

Referring now to the modification of my invention illustrated in Figures13 to 16, inclusive, I have there shown a side frame 1 of a constructionvery similar to that of the side frame 1 of the first embodiment exceptthat the bridge wall or girder portion 7 a s formed with a preferablysubstantially triangular aperture 46 extending from the spring plankseat portion 10 of the frame upwardly a suflicient distance andlongitudinally a sufficient width for receivlng an extension 47 from thespring plank 13 sald extension being of a sufficient width forsupporting oneouter spring unit of group 12". The aperture 46 is not ofa sufficient sms to mater ally destroy the effectiveness of the bridgewall 7 a but may be considered as merely taking the place ofthelightening apertures 25 of the first embodiment. Such a construction,however, provides for more securely connecting the spring plank 13* withthe side frames as it is adapted to extend over and connect with fourinstead of only three springplank lugs 14 and is held securely againstthe spring plank seat portion by four rather than only three'springunits 12. 7

Although I may employ a bolster and bolster connecting blocks identicalwith that used with the first embodiment, yet, as an alternative, I mayemploy the bolster looking blocks 48 which are provided with portions 49adapted to engage in bolster notches 16 and are also provided withlooking surfaces 22 and 23 corresponding with the locking surfaces 22and 23 of the first embodimentand serving for engaging the correspondingwalls 17 and 18 of the bolster guide columns 4*. The manner of insertionof the locking blocks 48 is, however, different from that of the lockinblocks 19 because said blocks 48 are not .ti ted to a horizontalposition before insertion but are rather low- 30 ered over the bridgewall 7 a while the bolster 15 is correspondingly raised. For that purpose, said locking blocks are provided with notched portions 50 allowinthem to telescope with, embrace or stra dle the bridge will 7 so as topermit a substantially lowerin thereof or lowering to an amountsufficient to permit the placing beneath the bolster, as shown in Figure16, before the springs are placed in position. after which said lockingblocks are raised to extend between the bolster and bolster guideportions of the frame and lock said bolster in proper assembledrelation. 7

As, in the first embodiment of my invention, the locking blocks 49 areprovided with base flanges 51 adapted to extend in corresponding notchesin the bolster and normally be secured between said bolster and thespring plate 24. After the blocks have been inserted in position, thespring plate may be assembled therebeneath and the springs insertedone'at a time between said spring plate, spring-plank and spring seatingportion of v the frame. Except as specifically described In accordancewith the foregoing disclosure, it will be apparent that I have devisedan improved car truck and associated side frame in which increasedspring capacity has been provided while, at the same time, themaintenance of the required coupler height has been allowed for by averysimple Sl11II1- ming operation, because a flat shim may be appliedbetween two flat surfaces, that is, between the top of the spring plateand the bottom of the bolster and locking blocks, instead of beneath thesprings. One of the main advantages, however, of the construction isthat the strength of the frame is very materially increased by thelongitudinal girder or double bridge wall joining the lower flaringportions of the bolster guide columns. This bridge wall not onlystrengthens the frame but is preferably formed of such a height that itlimits the downward movement of the bolster so as to prevent thebolstersprings from being compressed solid with the consequent danger ofbreakage. AlthoughI have shown but two embodiments of my invention, bothof which employ six spring units, it is obvious that great variety inspring capacity may be provided for, either by forming all of saidspring units single or double or some single and some double in anydesired arrangement, or a difl'erent number of spring units may be em-'ployed. 1

A preferred method of assembling the bolster with respect to the sideframe is as above the spring plank and spring seating portions of theframe. The sprlng plate, bolster and "bolster locking blocks or shoesmay then be lowered upon the springs to the positions indicated inFigures 1, 3, 13 and 14 particularly. It will be apparent that such anassembly may be ra' idly made with very little trouble and the eements,'when assembled, may be taken apart in the reverse order- Havingnow described my invention, I

claim:

-1. A side frame comprising a compression member, a tension member,bolster guide columns interposed between said compress'ion and tensionmembers and spaced to leave a window opening, those portions of thetension member, beyond the bolster guide columns, extending diagonallyupward and guide columns, beneath the top of the girder,

being deflected outwardly and downwardly to meet the diagonal portionsof the tension member at substantially right'angles.

2. A side frame comprising a compression member, a tension member,bolster guide columns positioned therebetween and spaced apart to leavea bolster opening, the lower portions of said bolster columns, beneaththe bolster opening, being flared downwardly and outwardly to oin withthe end portions of the tension member and connected together by alongitudinally extending girder portion.

3. A side frame comprising a compression member, a tension member,struts interposed therebetween and spaced to leave a bolster opening,said compression and tension members being generally U shape in crosssection and united at their ends to a downwardly opening jaw shapedportion of the frame adapted to connect with an associated journal box,said jaw shaped portion being generally box shape in, cross section fromthe intersection of the compression and tension members to beyond thecenter line of the associated journal box, said jaw portion theregradually changing from box to H section by the side webs thereofconverging and merging to form a central longitudinal web.

i 4. Aside frame comprising a compression member, a tension member,bolster guide columnsinterposed therebetween and spaced apart to leave abolster opening, said compression member being generally inverted Ushape in cross section and the tension member being generally U shape incross section and joining with the compression member ad acent the endsthereof to form a jaw portion adapted to connect with an associatedjournal box, said jaw portion, by virtue of the mergence of thecompression and tension members, being generally box shape in crosssection to beyond the center line of the associated box where the sidewebs of said section converge inwardly to form a central longitudinalweband the section changes from box to H shape.

5. A side frame comprising a compression member, a tension member,struts interposed therebetween and spaced to leave a bolster opening,and a bridge wall connecting said struts beneath the bolster opening,said bridge wall being continued through said struts,bifurcated andflared outwardly toward the tension member, the bifurcated portions ofsaid bridge wall decreasing in depth and finally merging with the endportions of the tension member.

,6. A side frame comprising a compression member and a tension memberspaced at intermediate portions thereof by bolster guide columns,leaving a window opening therebetween, said tension member, on theopposite sides of said bolster guide columns, extending diagonallyoutward and upward, meeting the compression member, that portion of thetension member, beneath the window opening, being laterally widened forsupporting a spring plank and bolster springs, and a bridge wallconnecting said bolster guide columns above said spring plank and springsupporting portion of the tension member, said bridge wall being formedas two webs .united at the top and continued through and beyond saidbolster guide columns, the webs of said bridge wall, beyond the columns,separating, flaring outwardly and uniting with the diagonal portions ofthe tension member in line with the side walls thereof, the depth ofsaid separated portions gradually decreasing until the bridge wallmerges with the tension member.

7. In a car truck, in combination, a side frame formed with compressionand tension members spaced at intermediate portions thereof by bolstercolumns leaving a bolster opening therebetween, the tension member,beneath the bolster'opening, being formed w1th a spring seating portionand a longitudinally extending upright web joining the lower portions ofthe bolster columns and dividing the spring seating portion, said webserving to strengthen the frame and being of such a height as to limitdownward movement of the bolster and prevent the springs from goingsolid, a bolster associated with said frame and adapted for directinsertion into the bolster opening above the web, and means positionedbetween the bolster and bolster columns for retaining said bolster inplace and adapted to be moved to releasing posi- 1 tion between saidbolster and web.

8. In a car truck, in combination, a side frame formed with acompression member,

a tension member, struts interposed therebetween and spaced to leave abolster opening a bridge wall connecting said struts below t e bolsteropening, that portion of the tension member, beneath the bolster openingon opposite sides of the bridge wall, being adapted for supportingbolster springs, bolster springs supported on said portion of thetension member, a bolster supported thereabove by means of said bolstersprings, said bolster being of such a size that it is freely insertablebetween the struts, and blocks positioned above the springs and held inplace between the bolster and struts to locksaid bolster in place, saidblocks being adapted for movement to release position between saidbolster and wall.

9. In a car truck, in combination, a side frame formed with acompression member, a tension member, bolster guide columns interposedtherebetween and spaced to leave a bolster opening, a bridge wallconnecting said 180 struts below the bolster opening, bolster springssupported on portions of the tension member on opposite sides of thebridge wall beneath the bolster opening, a bolster supported by means ofsaid bolster springs, said -bolster being freely insertable between thestruts and formed with notched ad'acent said struts, and locking blocksinserta le in said notches between said bolster and bolster guides andprovided with portions extending inwardly between said bolster andsprings to hold said blocks in proper assembled position, said blocksserving to lock the bolster in place and being notched to fit over saidbridge wall and permit movement to inoperative po sitions between saidbolster and wall.

10. In a car truck, in combination, a side frame formed with acompression member, a tension member, bolster guide columns interposedtherebetween and spaced to leave a bolster opening, a girder portionconnecting said bolster guide columns beneath the bolster opening, boster springs supported on the tension member on opposite sides of saidgirder extending thereabove, a spring cap positioned over all of saidsprings, a bolster supported on said spring cap, said bolster beingfreely insertable between the bolster guide portions and provided withnotches adjacent said guide portions, and bolster shoes positionedbetween said columns and bolster engaging in said notches and providedwith portions embracing said bolster columns to lock the bolster inplace, said shoes being also. provided with base portions extendingbeneath'said bolster and above said spring cap to hold said shoes inproper position, said shoes being insertable and removable from betweensaid bolster and guidecolumns when the springs are out of posltion andadapted to embrace the upper portion of said 'rder portion to permitmovement of said s oes to releasing positions between said bolster andgirder portion. a

11. In a car truck, in combination, a side frame formed with acompression member, a tension member, struts interposed therebetween andspaced to leave a bolster opening,

a bridge wall connecting said struts below the bolster opening, bolstersprings supported on portions of the tension member on opposite sides ofthe bridge wall, a spring plate positioned above said springs, a bolstersupported on said sprin plate and adapted for being held at'an a justedheight with respect to tween said struts an the adjacent sides of thebolster and provided with portions underlying said bolster for holding.said blocks in place and adapted to be dropped into telescopingrelation with said wall for releasing said bolster.

Y 12. In a car truck, in combination, a side frame formed withcompression and tension members spaced at intermediate portions thereofby bolster columns, leaving a bolster opening therebetween, the tensionmember, beneath the bolster opening, being formed with a spring plankseat portion and a longitudinally extendin upright web joining the lowerportions of t e bolster columns and dividing the spring plank seatportions, said 'web serving to strengthen the frame and adapted to limitdownward movement of the bolster, asprlng plank supported on aportion ofsaid spring plank seat portion and springs supported on said springplank and the remainder of said spring plank seat por- I tion, a bolstersupported b means of said springs abovesaid web an locked in place withrespect to said frame by removable blocks insertable between the bolsterand bol ster columns.

13, In a car truck, 1n comblnatlon, a side frame formed with acompression member,

tension member, struts interposed therebetween and spaced to leave abolster opening, a bridge wall connecting said struts below the bolsteropening, that portion of the tension member, beneath the bolster openingon opposite sides-of the bridge wall, serving as a spring plank seatportion, a spring plank connected to-said spring plank seat portion andcovering a portion thereof, bolster springs supported on said springplank and spring plank seat portion, the spring plate positioned abovesaid springs and a bolster supported on said spring plate, said bolsterbeing locked in place between the struts by removable blocks positionedbetween said bolster and struts before the springs are in- I supportedon said'seat portion and said gir der being formed with an aperture forrecelvmg an extension of said spring plank, bolster springs supported onsaid spring plank on both sides of the girder and additlonal springssupported on the remainder of the spr1ng plank seat portion, all ofvsaid springs extending above the girder and lada ted to su ort a ted bolsaid plate and lockin blocks positioned'bep pp n assocla Ster 15. Asideframe comprising a compression member, a tension member, bolster guidecolumns interposed therebetween and spaced to leave a bolster opening,and a bridge wall connecting said bolster guide columns beneath thebolster opening, said bridge wall extending from the top of the tensionmemher and provided with an opening extending from said tension memberand serving to receive an associated spring plank, said tension memberbeing widened beneath the bolster opening for supporting bolster springson both sides of said wall.

16. A side frame comprising a compression member, a tension member,bolster guide columns positioned therebetween and spaced apart to leavea bolster opening, the lower portions of said bolster guide columnsbeing connected by a longitudinally extending wall serving to strengthenthe frame, said Wall extending from the upper portion of the tensionmember, said portion of the tension member being laterally widened toserve as a spring plank seat and spring supporting portion, asubstantially triangular opening being provided through the centralportion of said wall adjacent the seat for receiving a portion of anassociated spring plank.

17. A bolster locking block comprising an upright portion adapted forpositioning between the side of a bolster and the adjacent bolster guidecolumn and formed with a notch the sides of which are beveled forreceiving said column and a portion adapted for reception in acorresponding bolster notch and means for holding said block in properassembled relation with respect to said bolster.

18. A bolster locking block comprising an upright portion adapted forinsertion, from below, between a bolster guide column of a side frameand the adjacent side of the bolster, said portion being formed with anotch adapted to engage said column and with a guide portion adapted toengage in the corresponding bolster notch and a base portion adapted toengage in a notched portion of the bolster above the bolster supportingmeans to hold said block in proper assembled relation, said uprightportion flaring downwardly to meet the base portion.

19. The method of locking a bolster in proper position with respect toan associated side frame, having a bridge wall connecting the lowerportions of the bolster guide columns and restricting the bolsteropening, comprising inserting said bolster between said bolster guidecolumns with locking blocks positioned therebeneath and resting on theirsides on the bridge wall, rotating said locking blocks until they restwith their bases on the wall with one block between each side of thebolster and the adjacent bolster guide column, positioning a 5 ringplate v beneath said bolster and locking b ocks, positioning bolstersprings beneath said spring plate in proper assembled relation andfinally lowering said bolster, bolster locking blocks and spring plateupon said springs.

20. A bolster locking block comprising a normally upright portionadapted to be positioned between the side of a bolster and the adjacentbolster guide column and formed with a notch the sides of which flareaway from each other for receiving said column,

